- International families
- 5,9882015 to 2024
- Leading country
- United States3.0× the next
- All families
- 13khome filings included
- Over five years
- Rising2020 to 2024 against the five before
Year by year
Patent families by country of origin and the year of the earliest filing, 2000 to 2025; 2025 is a part year, still filling in. International families are those for which protection was sought beyond one country.
Volume
International patent families in the capability, by the year of the earliest filing.
Source: Global Institute for National Capability (GINC), 2026. Underlying patents from 107 patent offices, IFI CLAIMS and Google
Share by country
Each country's share of the year's international families, in per cent: the capability's five largest countries of origin, 2015 to 2024, and the rest of the world.
Source: Global Institute for National Capability (GINC), 2026. Underlying patents from 107 patent offices, IFI CLAIMS and Google
Country leaderboard
International patent families, 2015 to 2024, by country of origin. Growth compares the latest five full years with the five before.
Ten largest
United States
Japan
China
Germany
France
United Kingdom
South Korea
Canada
Finland
Netherlands
2,335
791
484
336
322
267
253
233
166
104
| 2000 to 2025 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | United States | 2,335 | 39.0% | 1.5× | 4,272 | |
| 2 | Japan | 791 | 13.2% | 4.6× | 1,086 | |
| 3 | China | 484 | 8.1% | 8.5× | 4,764 | |
| 4 | Germany | 336 | 5.6% | 9.8× | 451 | |
| 5 | France | 322 | 5.4% | 6.5× | 338 | |
| 6 | United Kingdom | 267 | 4.5% | 6.0× | 301 | |
| 7 | South Korea | 253 | 4.2% | 4.4× | 545 | |
| 8 | Canada | 233 | 3.9% | 1.9× | 349 | |
| 9 | Finland | 166 | 2.8% | 16× | 170 | |
| 10 | Netherlands | 104 | 1.7% | 6.4× | 108 | |
| 11 | Israel | 84 | 1.4% | 5.5× | 139 | |
| 12 | Austria | 83 | 1.4% | 13× | 85 | |
| 13 | Australia | 75 | 1.3% | 3.2× | 82 | |
| 14 | Spain | 73 | 1.2% | 9.4× | 80 | |
| 15 | Switzerland | 56 | 0.9% | 6.0× | 59 | |
| 16 | Taiwan | 51 | 0.9% | 4.1× | 76 | |
| 17 | Sweden | 51 | 0.9% | 7.5× | 55 | |
| 18 | Singapore | 33 | 0.6% | 5.6× | 39 | |
| 19 | India | 30 | 0.5% | 14× | 55 | |
| 20 | Ireland | 28 | 0.5% | 1.3× | 43 | |
| 21 | Denmark | 26 | 0.4% | 5.5× | 26 | |
| 22 | Belgium | 24 | 0.4% | 11× | 25 | |
| 23 | Italy | 23 | 0.4% | 6.7× | 28 | |
| 24 | Cayman Islands | 18 | 0.3% | 2.0× | 23 | |
| 25 | Poland | 12 | 0.2% | 3.0× | 20 | |
| 26 | Türkiye | 8 | 0.1% | 1.7× | 14 | |
| 27 | Russia | 4 | 0.1% | 1.0× | 22 | |
| 28 | Brazil | 3 | 0.1% | 2.0× | 5 | |
| 29 | New Zealand | 3 | 0.1% | – | 3 | |
| 30 | Liechtenstein | 2 | 0.0% | – | 2 | |
| 31 | Hungary | 2 | 0.0% | 1.0× | 4 | |
| 32 | South Africa | 1 | 0.0% | 0.0× | 1 | |
| 33 | Portugal | 1 | 0.0% | – | 1 | |
| 34 | Hong Kong | 0 | 0.0% | – | 1 | |
| 35 | Saudi Arabia | 0 | 0.0% | – | 3 |
Applicants
The largest applicants by international patent families, 2015 to 2024: across the world, then within each of the five countries with the most families in Quantum Computing. Names are as held in the source and are not consolidated across subsidiaries.
Global
5,988 international families
IBM · United States
FUJITSU LTD · Japan
MICROSOFT TECHNOLOGY LICENSING LLC · United States
GOOGLE LLC · United States
IBM DEUTSCHLAND · United States
IBM UK · United States
419
273
267
227
207
179
United States
2,335 international families
IBM
MICROSOFT TECHNOLOGY LICENSING LLC
GOOGLE LLC
IBM DEUTSCHLAND
IBM UK
INTEL CORP
416
267
227
207
179
156
Japan
791 international families
FUJITSU LTD
NEC CORP
HITACHI LTD
TOSHIBA KK
TOSHIBA CORP
NIPPON TELEGRAPH & TELEPHONE
273
117
71
51
43
31
China
484 international families
TENCENT TECH SHENZHEN CO LTD
ORIGIN QUANTUM COMPUTING TECHNOLOGY HEFEI CO LTD
BEIJING BAIDU NETCOM SCI & TECH CO LTD
ORIGIN QUANTUM COMPUTING TECH CO LTD
BEIJING BAIDU NETCOM SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
HUAWEI TECH CO LTD
84
73
59
55
49
39
Germany
336 international families
eleQtron GmbH
KIPU QUANTUM GMBH
BOSCH GMBH ROBERT
FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JUELICH GMBH
UNIV SIEGEN KOERPERSCHAFT DES OEFFENTLICHEN RECHTS
ELEKTRON CO LTD
34
31
24
21
18
17
France
322 international families
COMMISSARIAT ENERGIE ATOMIQUE
CENTRE NAT RECH SCIENT
BULL SAS
PASQAL
ALICE & BOB
THALES SA
87
59
44
44
42
22
Similar capabilities
The nine capabilities that share the most international patent families with Quantum Computing, 2015 to 2024: the families counted in both as a share of those counted in either. Each card shows its five largest countries.
Critical Technology
Quantum Communication
6.3% shared · 470 families in both
United States
China
Japan
South Korea
Germany
416
252
215
195
177
Critical Technology
Nanomaterials & Metamaterials
4.5% shared · 1,409 families in both
United States
South Korea
China
Japan
Taiwan
6,721
3,882
3,587
3,507
2,242
Critical Technology
Superconducting, Magnetic & Photonic Materials
3.8% shared · 687 families in both
Japan
United States
China
South Korea
Germany
4,778
2,134
1,575
1,414
897
Strategic Infrastructure
Research & Scientific Facilities
2.7% shared · 246 families in both
United States
Japan
Germany
China
United Kingdom
964
589
405
369
209
Critical Technology
Quantum Sensing & Metrology
2.0% shared · 142 families in both
United States
Japan
Germany
France
China
309
295
149
65
61
Critical Technology
Semiconductor Design & EDA
1.2% shared · 177 families in both
United States
Taiwan
China
South Korea
Japan
2,117
1,739
1,459
1,379
1,123
Critical Technology
High-Performance & AI Computing
0.9% shared · 258 families in both
United States
China
South Korea
Japan
United Kingdom
8,142
3,957
2,955
2,347
895
Critical Technology
Machine Learning & Foundation Models
0.9% shared · 955 families in both
United States
China
South Korea
Japan
Germany
32,358
20,768
15,108
13,257
5,948
Critical Technology
Compound & Power Semiconductors
0.8% shared · 213 families in both
Japan
Taiwan
United States
China
South Korea
7,085
3,005
2,833
2,353
1,705
Crosswalk
How Quantum Computing is matched to the patent classifications. The entries below were chosen for it; each stands for itself and everything beneath it in the scheme, 17 Cooperative entries in all. A patent family counts when any of its codes, in either scheme and at any office, falls under one of them. Codes since retired are placed under the entries that replaced them.
| Entry | Title in the scheme | Why it is chosen | CPC codes | IPC codes | Documents |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| G06N10/00 | Quantum computing, i.e. information processing based on quantum-mechanical phenomena | Quantum computing: processors, algorithms, error correction, software | 6 | 6 | 76,269 |
| H10D48/383 | Quantum effect devices, e.g. of devices using quantum reflection, diffraction or interference effects | Quantum-effect semiconductor devices, including spin qubits | 2 | none | 5,696 |
| H10N60/12 | Josephson-effect devices | Josephson-junction devices | 9 | 2 | 9,411 |
| H10N69/00 | Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one superconducting element covered by group H10N60/00 | Integrated superconducting circuits | 1 | 1 | 5,763 |
| H03K19/195 | Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits using specified components using superconductive devices | Superconducting logic circuits | 5 | 1 | 4,218 |
CPC and IPC codes are the codes in use on patent documents, at any office, that fall under the entry. Documents is the larger of the two schemes' counts of documents carrying one of them. An entry with no IPC codes can be told apart only in the Cooperative scheme.
The Cooperative codes in use that count towards Quantum Computing: 23 codes on 101,357 documents. The full crosswalk is in the cpc-to-capability.csv download.
| Code | Title | Under entry | How placed | Documents |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| G06N10/40 | Physical realisations or architectures of quantum processors or components for manipulating qubits, e.g. qubit coupling or qubit control | G06N10/00 | In the scheme | 22,441 |
| G06N10/20 | Models of quantum computing, e.g. quantum circuits or universal quantum computers | G06N10/00 | In the scheme | 16,469 |
| G06N10/00 | Quantum computing, i.e. information processing based on quantum-mechanical phenomena | G06N10/00 | In the scheme | 13,525 |
| G06N10/60 | Quantum algorithms, e.g. based on quantum optimisation, quantum Fourier or Hadamard transforms | G06N10/00 | In the scheme | 11,657 |
| G06N10/70 | Quantum error correction, detection or prevention, e.g. surface codes or magic state distillation | G06N10/00 | In the scheme | 7,833 |
| H10N60/12 | Josephson-effect devices | H10N60/12 | In the scheme | 6,612 |
| H10N69/00 | Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one superconducting element covered by group H10N60/00 | H10N69/00 | In the scheme | 5,763 |
| G06N10/80 | Quantum programming, e.g. interfaces, languages or software-development kits for creating or handling programs capable of running on quantum computers; Platforms for simulating or accessing quantum computers, e.g. cloud-based quantum computing | G06N10/00 | In the scheme | 4,344 |
| H10D48/383 | Quantum effect devices, e.g. of devices using quantum reflection, diffraction or interference effects | H10D48/383 | In the scheme | 3,273 |
| H03K19/195 | Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits using specified components using superconductive devices | H03K19/195 | In the scheme | 2,430 |
| H10D48/3835 | Semiconductor qubit devices comprising a plurality of quantum mechanically interacting semiconductor quantum dots, e.g. Loss-DiVincenzo spin qubits | H10D48/383 | In the scheme | 2,423 |
| H10N60/124 | Josephson-effect devices comprising high-Tc ceramic materials | H10N60/12 | In the scheme | 1,298 |
| H03K19/1952 | Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits using specified components using superconductive devices with electro-magnetic coupling of the control current | H03K19/195 | In the scheme | 1,066 |
| H01L39/223 | Retired code | H10N60/12 | Retired, by concordance | 1,031 |
| H03K19/1954 | Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits using specified components using superconductive devices with injection of the control current | H03K19/195 | In the scheme | 393 |
| H01L39/228 | Retired code | H10N60/12 | Retired, by concordance | 205 |
| H03K19/1956 | Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits using specified components using superconductive devices with injection of the control current using an inductorless circuit | H03K19/195 | In the scheme | 165 |
| H03K19/1958 | Hybrid configuration, i.e. using electromagnetic coupling and injection of the control current | H03K19/195 | In the scheme | 164 |
| H01L39/22 | Retired code | H10N60/12 | Retired, by concordance | 86 |
| H01L39/221 | Retired code | H10N60/12 | Retired, by concordance | 72 |
| H10N60/126 | Josephson-effect devices comprising metal borides, e.g. MgB2 | H10N60/12 | In the scheme | 60 |
| H01L39/225 | Retired code | H10N60/12 | Retired, by concordance | 43 |
| H01L39/226 | Retired code | H10N60/12 | Retired, by concordance | 4 |