Governance & Integrity

Policing & Law Enforcement

The capacity to police by consent or lose the capacity to police at all: forces with the reach, competence, accountability and community standing to prevent and respond to crime. One of the capabilities of Internal Security & Order.

International families: 56k2015 to 2024
Leading country: Japan1.2× the next
All families: 266khome filings included
Over five years: Falling2020 to 2024 against the five before

Year by year

Patent families by country of origin and the year of the earliest filing, 2000 to 2025; 2025 is a part year, still filling in. International families are those for which protection was sought beyond one country.

Volume

International patent families in the capability, by the year of the earliest filing.

Source: Global Institute for National Capability (GINC), 2026. Underlying patents from 107 patent offices, IFI CLAIMS and Google

Share by country

Each country's share of the year's international families, in per cent: the capability's five largest countries of origin, 2015 to 2024, and the rest of the world.

Source: Global Institute for National Capability (GINC), 2026. Underlying patents from 107 patent offices, IFI CLAIMS and Google

Country leaderboard

International patent families, 2015 to 2024, by country of origin. Growth compares the latest five full years with the five before.

Ten largest

Japan

China

United States

South Korea

Germany

Taiwan

France

Sweden

United Kingdom

Switzerland

13,305

11,355

11,063

6,119

3,107

2,273

1,281

1,071

798

653


1	Japan	13,305	23.6%	0.8×	21,693
2	China	11,355	20.1%	0.8×	173,762
3	United States	11,063	19.6%	0.8×	23,740
4	South Korea	6,119	10.8%	1.0×	26,125
5	Germany	3,107	5.5%	0.9×	4,453
6	Taiwan	2,273	4.0%	0.7×	3,137
7	France	1,281	2.3%	0.8×	1,847
8	Sweden	1,071	1.9%	0.9×	1,188
9	United Kingdom	798	1.4%	0.8×	1,180
10	Switzerland	653	1.2%	1.3×	811
11	Canada	627	1.1%	0.9×	979
12	Israel	484	0.9%	0.9×	729
13	Netherlands	466	0.8%	0.8×	548
14	Singapore	389	0.7%	2.0×	530
15	Italy	362	0.6%	0.9×	622
16	Australia	319	0.6%	0.9×	454
17	Finland	291	0.5%	1.0×	335
18	India	269	0.5%	1.1×	544
19	Cayman Islands	193	0.3%	0.2×	220
20	Austria	187	0.3%	0.8×	202
21	Türkiye	173	0.3%	1.2×	331
22	Ireland	171	0.3%	0.5×	280
23	Spain	162	0.3%	0.6×	215
24	Norway	122	0.2%	0.3×	141
25	Denmark	108	0.2%	1.9×	131
26	Hong Kong	107	0.2%	0.6×	170
27	Russia	105	0.2%	0.6×	437
28	Belgium	94	0.2%	0.6×	113
29	Brazil	78	0.1%	0.7×	249
30	South Africa	48	0.1%	1.7×	53
31	Poland	47	0.1%	0.8×	86
32	Portugal	41	0.1%	1.4×	55
33	Malaysia	38	0.1%	0.4×	65
34	New Zealand	37	0.1%	2.1×	50
35	Luxembourg	30	0.1%	0.5×	43
36	Saudi Arabia	24	0.0%	1.2×	85
37	Czechia	22	0.0%	1.4×	44
38	Mexico	14	0.0%	0.8×	56
39	Hungary	13	0.0%	2.3×	18
40	Liechtenstein	4	0.0%	3.0×	4

Applicants

The largest applicants by international patent families, 2015 to 2024: across the world, then within each of the five countries with the most families in Policing & Law Enforcement. Names are as held in the source and are not consolidated across subsidiaries.

Global

56,401 international families

SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO LTD · South Korea

NEC CORP · Japan

CANON KK · Japan

TOYOTA MOTOR CORP · Japan

TOYOTA MOTOR CO LTD · Japan

BOE TECHNOLOGY GROUP CO LTD · China

1,647

1,538

1,186

1,077

1,069

964

Japan

13,305 international families

NEC CORP

CANON KK

TOYOTA MOTOR CORP

TOYOTA MOTOR CO LTD

PANASONIC IP MAN CO LTD

SONY CORP

1,486

1,183

1,068

1,065

760

589

China

11,355 international families

BOE TECHNOLOGY GROUP CO LTD

HUAWEI TECH CO LTD

SHENZHEN GOODIX TECH CO LTD

GUANGDONG OPPO MOBILE TELECOMMUNICATIONS CORP LTD

TENCENT TECH SHENZHEN CO LTD

PING AN TECH SHENZHEN CO LTD

964

694

488

407

382

332

United States

11,063 international families

FORD GLOBAL TECH LLC

GOOGLE LLC

APPLE INC

QUALCOMM INC

GM GLOBAL TECH OPERATIONS LLC

MICROSOFT TECHNOLOGY LICENSING LLC

580

311

310

308

302

300

South Korea

6,119 international families

SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO LTD

SAMSUNG DISPLAY CO LTD

LG ELECTRONICS INC

HYUNDAI MOTOR CO LTD

KIA CORP

KIA MOTORS CORP

1,642

520

472

448

301

267

Germany

3,107 international families

BOSCH GMBH ROBERT

BAYERISCHE MOTOREN WERKE AG

2.9% shared · 2,864 families in both

China

United States

Japan

South Korea

France

11,427

11,259

6,437

6,383

1,042

Crosswalk

How Policing & Law Enforcement is matched to the patent classifications. The entries below were chosen for it; each stands for itself and everything beneath it in the scheme, 321 Cooperative entries in all. A patent family counts when any of its codes, in either scheme and at any office, falls under one of them. Codes since retired are placed under the entries that replaced them.

Entry	Title in the scheme	Why it is chosen	CPC codes	IPC codes	Documents
H04N7/18	Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast	Closed-circuit television systems	6	1	326,238
G06V20/52	Surveillance or monitoring of activities, e.g. for recognising suspicious objects	Video analysis for surveillance and suspicious activity	3	2	119,042
G08B13/00	Burglar, theft or intruder alarms	Burglar, theft and intruder alarms	131	28	256,959
G08B15/00	Identifying, scaring or incapacitating burglars, thieves or intruders, e.g. by explosives	Identifying, scaring or incapacitating intruders	8	2	14,667
G06V40/12	Fingerprints or palmprints	Fingerprint and palmprint recognition	18	2	133,496
G06V40/16	Human faces, e.g. facial parts, sketches or expressions	Face recognition	17	1	279,277
G06V40/18	Eye characteristics, e.g. of the iris	Iris and eye recognition	4	2	64,415
A61B5/117	Identification of persons	Identification of persons, such as fingerprinting	6	5	30,100
G07C9/00	Individual registration on entry or exit	Access control and registration on entry or exit	152	20	392,934
E05B75/00	Handcuffs ; Finger cuffs; Leg irons; Handcuff holsters; Means for locking prisoners in automobiles	Handcuffs and restraints	2	1	2,088

CPC and IPC codes are the codes in use on patent documents, at any office, that fall under the entry. Documents is the larger of the two schemes' counts of documents carrying one of them. An entry with no IPC codes can be told apart only in the Cooperative scheme.

The Cooperative codes in use that count towards Policing & Law Enforcement: 347 codes on 1,530,279 documents. The 150 most used are listed; the full list is in the cpc-to-capability.csv download.

Code	Title	Under entry	How placed	Documents
H04N7/18	Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast	H04N7/18	In the scheme	105,658
G06V20/52	Surveillance or monitoring of activities, e.g. for recognising suspicious objects	G06V20/52	In the scheme	91,298
H04N7/181	Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast for receiving images from a plurality of remote sources	H04N7/18	In the scheme	66,897
G06V40/172	Classification, e.g. identification	G06V40/16	In the scheme	60,422
G07C9/00309	Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks	G07C9/00	In the scheme	43,483
G06V40/161	Detection; Localisation; Normalisation	G06V40/16	In the scheme	41,293
H04N7/183	Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast for receiving images from a single remote source	H04N7/18	In the scheme	40,236
G06V40/168	Feature extraction; Face representation	G06V40/16	In the scheme	37,597
G06V40/16	Human faces, e.g. facial parts, sketches or expressions	G06V40/16	In the scheme	31,528
G06V40/171	Local features and components; Facial parts ; Occluding parts, e.g. glasses; Geometrical relationships	G06V40/16	In the scheme	25,068
G07C9/00571	Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by interacting with a central unit	G07C9/00	In the scheme	23,063
G06V40/1318	Sensors therefor using electro-optical elements or layers, e.g. electroluminescent sensing	G06V40/12	In the scheme	21,581
G06V40/174	Facial expression recognition	G06V40/16	In the scheme	20,977
G06V40/1365	Matching; Classification	G06V40/12	In the scheme	20,273
G06V40/1306	Sensors therefor non-optical, e.g. ultrasonic or capacitive sensing	G06V40/12	In the scheme	19,717
G06V40/18	Eye characteristics, e.g. of the iris	G06V40/18	In the scheme	19,593
G06V40/19	Sensors therefor	G06V40/18	In the scheme	19,543
G07C9/37	Individual registration on entry or exit not involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check using biometric data, e.g. fingerprints, iris scans or voice recognition	G07C9/00	In the scheme	19,492
G06V40/166	Detection; Localisation; Normalisation using acquisition arrangements	G06V40/16	In the scheme	19,260
G07C9/00563	Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys using personal physical data of the operator, e.g. finger prints, retinal images, voicepatterns	G07C9/00	In the scheme	18,212
H04N7/185	Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast for receiving images from a single remote source from a mobile camera, e.g. for remote control	H04N7/18	In the scheme	17,850
G07C9/28	Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass the pass enabling tracking or indicating presence	G07C9/00	In the scheme	16,651
G06V20/54	Surveillance or monitoring of activities, e.g. for recognising suspicious objects of traffic, e.g. cars on the road, trains or boats	G06V20/52	In the scheme	16,519
G07C9/00896	Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys specially adapted for particular uses	G07C9/00	In the scheme	16,508
G06V40/193	Preprocessing; Feature extraction	G06V40/18	In the scheme	16,477
G07C9/27	Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass with central registration	G07C9/00	In the scheme	16,072
H04N7/188	Capturing isolated or intermittent images triggered by the occurrence of a predetermined event, e.g. an object reaching a predetermined position	H04N7/18	In the scheme	14,201
G06V40/13	Sensors therefor	G06V40/12	In the scheme	13,601
G06V40/12	Fingerprints or palmprints	G06V40/12	In the scheme	12,871
G07C9/00182	Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with unidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks	G07C9/00	In the scheme	12,070
G07C9/257	Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check of the pass holder using biometric data, e.g. fingerprints, iris scans or voice recognition electronically	G07C9/00	In the scheme	11,903
G06V40/165	Detection; Localisation; Normalisation using facial parts and geometric relationships	G06V40/16	In the scheme	11,706
G07C9/00174	Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys	G07C9/00	In the scheme	11,443
G06V20/53	Recognition of crowd images, e.g. recognition of crowd congestion	G06V20/52	In the scheme	11,225
G07C2009/00769	Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means	G07C9/00	In the scheme	11,206
G07C2009/00793	Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by wireless means by Hertzian waves	G07C9/00	In the scheme	10,917
G07C9/00944	Details of construction or manufacture	G07C9/00	In the scheme	9,419
G07C9/00	Individual registration on entry or exit	G07C9/00	In the scheme	9,245
G06V40/197	Matching; Classification	G06V40/18	In the scheme	8,802
G06V40/1347	Preprocessing; Feature extraction	G06V40/12	In the scheme	8,621
G08B13/08	Mechanical actuation by opening, e.g. of door, of window, of drawer, of shutter, of curtain, of blind	G08B13/00	In the scheme	8,587
G08B13/196	Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems using television cameras	G08B13/00	In the scheme	8,505
G07C9/20	Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass	G07C9/00	In the scheme	8,445
G07C9/38	Individual registration on entry or exit not involving the use of a pass with central registration	G07C9/00	In the scheme	8,248
A61B5/1172	Identification of persons based on the shapes or appearances of their bodies or parts thereof using fingerprinting	A61B5/117	In the scheme	8,049
A61B5/117	Identification of persons	A61B5/117	In the scheme	7,270
G06V40/1324	Sensors therefor by using geometrical optics, e.g. using prisms	G06V40/12	In the scheme	7,120
G07C9/22	Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check of the pass holder	G07C9/00	In the scheme	6,318
G08B13/00	Burglar, theft or intruder alarms	G08B13/00	In the scheme	6,079
G06V40/176	Dynamic expression	G06V40/16	In the scheme	6,019
G08B13/19602	Image analysis to detect motion of the intruder, e.g. by frame subtraction	G08B13/00	In the scheme	5,691
H04N7/186	Video door telephones	H04N7/18	In the scheme	5,385
G08B13/19613	Recognition of a predetermined image pattern or behaviour pattern indicating theft or intrusion	G08B13/00	In the scheme	5,358
G08B13/19	Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using infrared-radiation detection systems	G08B13/00	In the scheme	5,236
G08B13/19608	Tracking movement of a target, e.g. by detecting an object predefined as a target, using target direction and or velocity to predict its new position	G08B13/00	In the scheme	5,107
G08B13/22	Electrical actuation	G08B13/00	In the scheme	5,063
G07C9/00817	Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys where the code of the lock can be programmed	G07C9/00	In the scheme	5,058
G07C9/00912	Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys specially adapted for particular uses for safes, strong-rooms, vaults or the like	G07C9/00	In the scheme	4,933
G07C9/29	Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass the pass containing active electronic elements, e.g. smartcards	G07C9/00	In the scheme	4,911
G08B13/19656	Network used to communicate with a camera, e.g. WAN, LAN, Internet	G08B13/00	In the scheme	4,855
G08B13/2417	Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting characterised by the tag technology used using inductive tags having a radio frequency identification chip	G08B13/00	In the scheme	4,806
G07C9/10	Movable barriers with registering means	G07C9/00	In the scheme	4,744
G08B13/1427	Mechanical actuation by lifting or attempted removal of hand-portable articles with transmitter-receiver for distance detection	G08B13/00	In the scheme	4,742
G08B13/19695	Arrangements wherein non-video detectors start video recording or forwarding but do not generate an alarm themselves	G08B13/00	In the scheme	4,736
G08B13/19645	Multiple cameras, each having view on one of a plurality of scenes, e.g. multiple cameras for multi-room surveillance or for tracking an object by view hand-over	G08B13/00	In the scheme	4,610
G06V40/1329	Protecting the fingerprint sensor against damage caused by the finger	G06V40/12	In the scheme	4,595
G08B13/2434	Tag housing and attachment details	G08B13/00	In the scheme	4,554
G08B13/2462	Asset location systems combined with EAS	G08B13/00	In the scheme	4,477
G06V40/162	Detection; Localisation; Normalisation using pixel segmentation or colour matching	G06V40/16	In the scheme	4,343
G07C9/25	Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check of the pass holder using biometric data, e.g. fingerprints, iris scans or voice recognition	G07C9/00	In the scheme	4,301
G06V40/1335	Combining adjacent partial images (e.g. slices) to create a composite input or reference pattern; Tracking a sweeping finger movement	G06V40/12	In the scheme	4,266
G06V40/169	Holistic features and representations, i.e. based on the facial image taken as a whole	G06V40/16	In the scheme	4,118
G07C9/00857	Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys where the code of the data carrier can be programmed	G07C9/00	In the scheme	4,093
G07C9/33	Individual registration on entry or exit not involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check by means of a password	G07C9/00	In the scheme	4,069
G07C2009/00412	Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks the transmitted data signal being encrypted	G07C9/00	In the scheme	4,003
G07C9/00904	Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys specially adapted for particular uses for hotels, motels, office buildings or the like	G07C9/00	In the scheme	3,983
G06V40/1359	Extracting features related to ridge properties; Determining the fingerprint type, e.g. whorl or loop	G06V40/12	In the scheme	3,953
G08B13/19619	Details of casing	G08B13/00	In the scheme	3,870
G06V40/173	Classification, e.g. identification face re-identification, e.g. recognising unknown faces across different face tracks	G06V40/16	In the scheme	3,861
G06V40/167	Detection; Localisation; Normalisation using comparisons between temporally consecutive images	G06V40/16	In the scheme	3,855
G08B13/2437	Tag layered structure, processes for making layered tags	G08B13/00	In the scheme	3,817
G06V40/178	Human faces, e.g. facial parts, sketches or expressions estimating age from face image; using age information for improving recognition	G06V40/16	In the scheme	3,800
G08B13/1963	Arrangements allowing camera rotation to change view, e.g. pivoting camera, pan-tilt and zoom [PTZ]	G08B13/00	In the scheme	3,622
A61B5/1176	Recognition of faces	A61B5/117	In the scheme	3,599
G08B13/2442	Tag materials and material properties thereof, e.g. magnetic material details	G08B13/00	In the scheme	3,570
G08B13/14	Mechanical actuation by lifting or attempted removal of hand-portable articles	G08B13/00	In the scheme	3,553
G06V40/1312	Sensors therefor direct reading, e.g. contactless acquisition	G06V40/12	In the scheme	3,452
G08B13/19682	Graphic User Interface [GUI] presenting system data to the user, e.g. information on a screen helping a user interacting with an alarm system	G08B13/00	In the scheme	3,437
A61B5/1171	Identification of persons based on the shapes or appearances of their bodies or parts thereof	A61B5/117	In the scheme	3,382
G07C9/0069	Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by passive electrical keys with switch-buttons actuated in a predetermined sequence	G07C9/00	In the scheme	3,374
G08B15/00	Identifying, scaring or incapacitating burglars, thieves or intruders, e.g. by explosives	G08B15/00	In the scheme	3,272
G08B13/2408	Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting characterised by the tag technology used using ferromagnetic tags	G08B13/00	In the scheme	3,158
G08B13/2491	Intrusion detection systems, i.e. where the body of an intruder causes the interference with the electromagnetic field	G08B13/00	In the scheme	3,114
G08B13/1672	Actuation by interference with mechanical vibrations in air or other fluid using passive vibration detection systems using sonic detecting means, e.g. a microphone operating in the audio frequency range	G08B13/00	In the scheme	3,111
G08B13/19697	Arrangements wherein non-video detectors generate an alarm themselves	G08B13/00	In the scheme	3,109
G07C2009/0092	Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys specially adapted for particular uses for cargo, freight or shipping containers and applications therefore in general	G07C9/00	In the scheme	3,101
G08B13/24	Electrical actuation by interference with electromagnetic field distribution	G08B13/00	In the scheme	3,074
G07C9/21	Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass having a variable access code	G07C9/00	In the scheme	3,027
G07C9/26	Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check of the pass holder using biometric data, e.g. fingerprints, iris scans or voice recognition using a biometric sensor integrated in the pass	G07C9/00	In the scheme	3,013
G07C9/23	Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check of the pass holder by means of a password	G07C9/00	In the scheme	2,987
G08B13/1436	Mechanical actuation by lifting or attempted removal of hand-portable articles with motion detection	G08B13/00	In the scheme	2,934
G07C2009/00634	Power supply for the lock	G07C9/00	In the scheme	2,932
G07C9/32	Individual registration on entry or exit not involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check	G07C9/00	In the scheme	2,928
G08B13/2471	Antenna signal processing by receiver or emitter	G08B13/00	In the scheme	2,784
G07C2009/00555	Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks comprising means to detect or avoid relay attacks	G07C9/00	In the scheme	2,649
G07C9/253	Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check of the pass holder using biometric data, e.g. fingerprints, iris scans or voice recognition visually	G07C9/00	In the scheme	2,631
G08B13/2474	Antenna or antenna activator geometry, arrangement or layout	G08B13/00	In the scheme	2,626
G08B13/02	Mechanical actuation	G08B13/00	In the scheme	2,621
G08B13/19632	Camera support structures, e.g. attachment means, poles	G08B13/00	In the scheme	2,599
G08B13/19684	Portable terminal, e.g. mobile phone, used for viewing video remotely	G08B13/00	In the scheme	2,595
G08B15/02	Identifying, scaring or incapacitating burglars, thieves or intruders, e.g. by explosives with smoke, gas, or coloured or odorous powder or liquid	G08B15/00	In the scheme	2,564
G08B13/19669	Event triggers storage or change of storage policy	G08B13/00	In the scheme	2,552
G08B13/2431	Tag circuit details	G08B13/00	In the scheme	2,511
G07C2009/00825	Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys where the code of the lock can be programmed remotely by lines or wireless communication	G07C9/00	In the scheme	2,500
G07C2009/00865	Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys where the code of the data carrier can be programmed remotely by wireless communication	G07C9/00	In the scheme	2,428
G07C2009/00928	Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys specially adapted for particular uses for garage doors	G07C9/00	In the scheme	2,416
G08B13/19647	Systems specially adapted for intrusion detection in or around a vehicle	G08B13/00	In the scheme	2,352
G06V40/1394	Detecting the live character of the finger, i.e. distinguishing from a fake or cadaver finger using acquisition arrangements	G06V40/12	In the scheme	2,336
G08B13/149	Mechanical actuation by lifting or attempted removal of hand-portable articles with electric, magnetic, capacitive switch actuation	G08B13/00	In the scheme	2,315
G06V40/175	Static expression	G06V40/16	In the scheme	2,303
G06V40/1376	Matching features related to ridge properties or fingerprint texture	G06V40/12	In the scheme	2,281
G08B13/193	Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using infrared-radiation detection systems using focusing means	G08B13/00	In the scheme	2,269
G08B13/19641	Multiple cameras having overlapping views on a single scene	G08B13/00	In the scheme	2,243
G08B13/244	Tag manufacturing, e.g. continuous manufacturing processes	G08B13/00	In the scheme	2,224
G08B13/2448	Tag with at least dual detection means, e.g. combined inductive and ferromagnetic tags, dual frequencies within a single technology, tampering detection or signalling means on the tag	G08B13/00	In the scheme	2,188
G08B13/06	Mechanical actuation by tampering with fastening	G08B13/00	In the scheme	2,184
G06V40/1341	Sensing with light passing through the finger	G06V40/12	In the scheme	2,183
G07C9/30	Individual registration on entry or exit not involving the use of a pass	G07C9/00	In the scheme	2,158
G08B13/122	Mechanical actuation by the breaking or disturbance of stretched cords or wires for a perimeter fence	G08B13/00	In the scheme	2,147
G08B13/183	Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using active radiation detection systems by interruption of a radiation beam or barrier	G08B13/00	In the scheme	2,081
G08B13/19671	Addition of non-video data, i.e. metadata, to video stream	G08B13/00	In the scheme	2,078
G08B13/1966	Wireless systems, other than telephone systems, used to communicate with a camera	G08B13/00	In the scheme	2,075
G07C2009/00507	Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks keyless data carrier having more than one function	G07C9/00	In the scheme	2,061
G08B13/2445	Tag integrated into item to be protected, e.g. source tagging	G08B13/00	In the scheme	2,022
G08B13/2411	Tag deactivation	G08B13/00	In the scheme	1,976
G08B13/242	Tag deactivation	G08B13/00	In the scheme	1,976
G08B13/248	EAS system combined with another detection technology, e.g. dual EAS and video or other presence detection system	G08B13/00	In the scheme	1,955
G07C2009/00761	Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated by active electrical keys with data transmission performed by connected means, e.g. mechanical contacts, plugs, connectors	G07C9/00	In the scheme	1,928
G08B13/2414	Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting characterised by the tag technology used using inductive tags	G08B13/00	In the scheme	1,914
G06V40/1382	Detecting the live character of the finger, i.e. distinguishing from a fake or cadaver finger	G06V40/12	In the scheme	1,896
G08B13/246	Check out systems combined with EAS, e.g. price information stored on EAS tag	G08B13/00	In the scheme	1,895
G07C2009/00373	Electronically operated locks; Circuits therefor; Nonmechanical keys therefor, e.g. passive or active electrical keys or other data carriers without mechanical keys operated with bidirectional data transmission between data carrier and locks in combination with a wake-up circuit whereby the wake-up circuit is situated in the lock	G07C9/00	In the scheme	1,893
G07C9/215	Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass the system having a variable access-code, e.g. varied as a function of time	G07C9/00	In the scheme	1,843
G08B13/1409	Mechanical actuation by lifting or attempted removal of hand-portable articles for removal detection of electrical appliances by detecting their physical disconnection from an electrical system, e.g. using a switch incorporated in the plug connector	G08B13/00	In the scheme	1,843
G08B13/2482	EAS methods, e.g. description of flow chart of the detection procedure	G08B13/00	In the scheme	1,842
G08B13/04	Mechanical actuation by breaking of glass	G08B13/00	In the scheme	1,841
G08B13/191	Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using infrared-radiation detection systems using pyroelectric sensor means	G08B13/00	In the scheme	1,834
G08B13/2402	Electronic Article Surveillance [EAS], i.e. systems using tags for detecting removal of a tagged item from a secure area, e.g. tags for detecting shoplifting	G08B13/00	In the scheme	1,820
G08B13/126	Mechanical actuation by the breaking or disturbance of stretched cords or wires for a housing, e.g. a box, a safe, or a room	G08B13/00	In the scheme	1,812
G07C2009/00642	Power supply for the lock by battery	G07C9/00	In the scheme	1,803

Match: Through its tools

The classification names the equipment or technology the capability draws on, not the capability. The count says how much is being invented for it, not how well it is done. Captures surveillance, biometric and access-control technology, most of it sold for private security, vehicles and phones; accountability and community trust are not captured. The crosswalk is a first pass that nobody has reviewed.

Other capabilities in Internal Security & Order

Criminal Justice & Corrections
Organised Crime & Illicit Economy Response