← Capabilities
Strategic Infrastructure

Military Bases & Installations

Military bases and installations covers the defence estate, including army, naval and air bases, barracks, training areas, munitions and fuel depots, and radar and early-warning sites. One of the capabilities of Space, Aerospace & Defence Infrastructure.

International families
1,5382015 to 2024
Leading country
United States1.6× the next
All families
7,366home filings included
Over five years
Falling2020 to 2024 against the five before

Year by year

Patent families by country of origin and the year of the earliest filing, 2000 to 2025; 2025 is a part year, still filling in. International families are those for which protection was sought beyond one country.

Volume

International patent families in the capability, by the year of the earliest filing.

Source: Global Institute for National Capability (GINC), 2026. Underlying patents from 107 patent offices, IFI CLAIMS and Google

Share by country

Each country's share of the year's international families, in per cent: the capability's five largest countries of origin, 2015 to 2024, and the rest of the world.

Source: Global Institute for National Capability (GINC), 2026. Underlying patents from 107 patent offices, IFI CLAIMS and Google

Country leaderboard

International patent families, 2015 to 2024, by country of origin. Growth compares the latest five full years with the five before.

Ten largest

United States

Germany

South Korea

United Kingdom

Japan

Israel

France

China

Türkiye

Sweden

353

218

111

100

84

83

82

61

45

39

2000 to 2025
1United States35323.0%0.7×
1,328
2Germany21814.2%0.8×
355
3South Korea1117.2%0.6×
1,110
4United Kingdom1006.5%1.0×
156
5Japan845.5%0.9×
297
6Israel835.4%1.0×
110
7France825.3%0.7×
137
8China614.0%1.2×
2,777
9Türkiye452.9%1.1×
96
10Sweden392.5%0.8×
40
11Italy372.4%0.9×
70
12Canada302.0%0.4×
59
13Australia302.0%0.6×
41
14Switzerland291.9%0.3×
41
15Finland251.6%2.6×
28
16Russia231.5%2.3×
301
17Taiwan201.3%2.3×
55
18Belgium171.1%0.3×
18
19Spain140.9%0.4×
26
20Netherlands120.8%0.7×
16
21Austria100.7%0.7×
15
22Denmark100.7%1.5×
11
23Singapore100.7%0.3×
12
24India70.5%6.0×
8
25Norway70.5%1.3×
7
26South Africa60.4%0.5×
6
27Brazil50.3%1.5×
13
28Poland50.3%1.5×
87
29Czechia50.3%0.7×
13
30Mexico40.3%0.0×
11
31Portugal40.3%3.0×
4
32Ireland30.2%0.5×
3
33Hong Kong30.2%0.5×
7
34Liechtenstein30.2%0.0×
3
35Saudi Arabia20.1%1.0×
4
36Malaysia10.1%–
3
37New Zealand00.0%–
1
38Hungary00.0%–
5

Applicants

The largest applicants by international patent families, 2015 to 2024: across the world, then within each of the five countries with the most families in Military Bases & Installations. Names are as held in the source and are not consolidated across subsidiaries.

Global

1,538 international families

DIEHL DEFENCE GMBH & CO KG · Germany

HONG INT CORP · South Korea

PHOENIXDARTS CO LTD · South Korea

BAE SYSTEMS PLC · United Kingdom

RHEINMETALL WAFFE MUNITION GMBH · Germany

SAAB AB · Sweden

34

34

31

23

23

20

United States

353 international families

RAYTHEON CO

BAE SYS INF & ELECT SYS INTEG

CUBIC CORP

SARCOS CORP

BOEING CO

HALO MARITIME DEFENSE SYSTEMS INC

18

8

7

6

5

5

Germany

218 international families

DIEHL DEFENCE GMBH & CO KG

RHEINMETALL WAFFE MUNITION GMBH

MBDA DEUTSCHLAND GMBH

THYSSENKRUPP AG

KRAUSS MAFFEI WEGMANN GMBH & CO KG

DIEHL BGT DEFENCE GMBH & CO KG

34

23

18

15

10

9

South Korea

111 international families

HONG INT CORP

PHOENIXDARTS CO LTD

PHOENIX DART CO LTD

HANWHA AEROSPACE CO LTD

KIM HEE JOUNG

AGENCY DEFENSE DEV

34

31

7

4

4

3

United Kingdom

100 international families

BAE SYSTEMS PLC

PEARSON ENG LTD

Leonardo UK Ltd

MBDA UK LTD

SECR DEFENCE

ADVANCED BLAST & BALLISTIC SYSTEMS LTD

23

9

5

5

4

3

Japan

84 international families

MITSUBISHI ELECTRIC CORP

DARTSLIVE CO LTD

KABUSHIKI KAISHA DARTSLIVE D/B/A DARTSLIVE CO LTD

KK DARTSLIVE D/B/A DARTSLIVE CO LTD

MITSUBISHI HEAVY IND LTD

SEGA GAMES CO LTD

15

13

13

13

12

10

Similar capabilities

The nine capabilities that share the most international patent families with Military Bases & Installations, 2015 to 2024: the families counted in both as a share of those counted in either. Each card shows its five largest countries.

National Security

Integrated Air & Missile Defence

24.9% shared · 389 families in both

Germany

United States

Japan

Israel

United Kingdom

92

75

47

41

28

National Security

Counter-Uncrewed & Low-Altitude Defence

23.1% shared · 409 families in both

United States

Germany

United Kingdom

Japan

Israel

156

135

72

56

50

National Security

Operational Sustainment & War Reserves

15.1% shared · 255 families in both

United States

Germany

France

United Kingdom

China

88

67

32

24

23

National Security

Standing Force Generation & Training

9.1% shared · 186 families in both

United States

Germany

South Korea

United Kingdom

Canada

217

90

58

38

30

National Security

Combined Arms Manoeuvre

6.9% shared · 370 families in both

United States

Germany

France

Türkiye

United Kingdom

1,319

502

222

212

211

National Security

Land Fires

6.3% shared · 176 families in both

United States

Germany

France

United Kingdom

South Korea

357

232

127

113

93

National Security

Long-Range Strike

5.9% shared · 131 families in both

United States

Germany

United Kingdom

France

Israel

278

159

88

77

44

National Security

Electronic Warfare & Spectrum Operations

3.6% shared · 128 families in both

United States

China

Japan

Germany

South Korea

587

328

227

225

120

Critical Technology

Directed Energy Technologies

3.0% shared · 93 families in both

United States

Japan

Germany

China

United Kingdom

479

386

232

150

99

Crosswalk

How Military Bases & Installations is matched to the patent classifications. The entries below were chosen for it; each stands for itself and everything beneath it in the scheme, 123 Cooperative entries in all. A patent family counts when any of its codes, in either scheme and at any office, falls under one of them. Codes since retired are placed under the entries that replaced them.

EntryTitle in the schemeWhy it is chosenCPC codesIPC codesDocuments
E04H9/04Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate against air-raid or other war-like actionsShelters and buildings protected against attack556,036
F41H11/00Defence installations; Defence devicesDefence installations and devices262417,276
F41JTargets; target ranges; bullet catchersTargets, firing ranges and bullet catchers765439,877
F42B39/00Packaging or storage of ammunition or explosive charges; Safety features thereof; Cartridge belts or bagsStorage and packaging of ammunition and explosives191312,006

CPC and IPC codes are the codes in use on patent documents, at any office, that fall under the entry. Documents is the larger of the two schemes' counts of documents carrying one of them. An entry with no IPC codes can be told apart only in the Cooperative scheme.

The Cooperative codes in use that count towards Military Bases & Installations: 126 codes on 70,270 documents. The full crosswalk is in the cpc-to-capability.csv download.

CodeTitleUnder entryHow placedDocuments
F41H11/02Anti-aircraft or anti-guided missile or anti-torpedo defence installations or systemsF41H11/00In the scheme5,931
E04H9/10Independent shelters; Arrangement of independent splinter-proof wallsE04H9/04In the scheme2,306
F41J5/02Photo-electric hit-detector systemsF41JIn the scheme2,119
F42B39/00Packaging or storage of ammunition or explosive charges; Safety features thereof; Cartridge belts or bagsF42B39/00In the scheme1,933
F41J1/10Target stands; Target holdersF41JIn the scheme1,773
F41H11/00Defence installations; Defence devicesF41H11/00In the scheme1,736
F41J5/14Apparatus for signalling hits or scores to the shooter, e.g. manually operated, or for communication between target and shooter; Apparatus for recording hits or scoresF41JIn the scheme1,708
F41J13/00Bullet catchersF41JIn the scheme1,527
F41H11/12Means for clearing land minefields; Systems specially adapted for detection of landminesF41H11/00In the scheme1,396
F42B39/14Explosion or fire protection arrangements on packages or ammunitionF42B39/00In the scheme1,396
F42B39/20Packages or ammunition having valves for pressure-equalising; Packages or ammunition having plugs for pressure release, e.g. meltable ; Blow-out panels; Venting arrangementsF42B39/00In the scheme1,380
F41J2/02Active targets transmitting infrared radiationF41JIn the scheme1,379
F42B39/26Packages or containers for a plurality of ammunition, e.g. cartridgesF42B39/00In the scheme1,319
F42B39/02Cartridge bags; BandoleersF42B39/00In the scheme1,289
F41J1/01Target discs characterised by their material, structure or surface, e.g. clay pigeon targets characterised by their materialF41JIn the scheme1,241
E04H9/04Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate against air-raid or other war-like actionsE04H9/04In the scheme1,191
F41H11/08Barbed-wire obstacles; Barricades; Stanchions; Tank traps; Vehicle-impeding devices; CaltropsF41H11/00In the scheme1,147
F41J3/02Indicators or score boards for arrow or dart gamesF41JIn the scheme1,130
F41J7/04Movable targets which are stationary when fired at disappearing or moving when hitF41JIn the scheme1,126
F41J5/04Electric hit-indicating systems; Detecting hits by actuation of electric contacts or switchesF41JIn the scheme1,113
F41J5/06Acoustic hit-indicating systems, i.e. detecting of shock wavesF41JIn the scheme1,089
F41H11/16Self-propelled mine-clearing vehicles; Mine-clearing devices attachable to vehiclesF41H11/00In the scheme1,077
F41J5/10Cinematographic hit-indicating systemsF41JIn the scheme1,073
F41J9/02Land-based targets, e.g. inflatable targets supported by fluid pressureF41JIn the scheme1,044
E04H9/12Independent shelters; Arrangement of independent splinter-proof walls entirely underneath the level of the ground, e.g. air-raid galleriesE04H9/04In the scheme1,011
F41J2/00Reflecting targets, e.g. radar-reflector targets; Active targets transmitting electromagnetic or acoustic wavesF41JIn the scheme974
F42B39/08Cartridge beltsF42B39/00In the scheme924
F41J11/00Target rangesF41JIn the scheme837
E04H9/06Structures arranged in or forming part of buildingsE04H9/04In the scheme818
F41H11/136Magnetic, electromagnetic, acoustic or radiation systems, e.g. ground penetrating radars or metal-detectorsF41H11/00In the scheme797
F41J5/24Targets producing a particular effect when hit, e.g. detonation of pyrotechnic charge, bell ring, photographF41JIn the scheme756
F41J3/00Targets for arrows or darts, e.g. for sporting or amusement purposesF41JIn the scheme741
F42B39/22Locking of ammunition in transport containersF42B39/00In the scheme737
F41J3/0009DartboardsF41JIn the scheme719
F41J1/00Targets; Target stands; Target holdersF41JIn the scheme710
F41J9/10Airborne targets, e.g. drones, kites, balloons towedF41JIn the scheme694
F41J7/00Movable targets which are stationary when fired atF41JIn the scheme671
F41J5/00Target indicating systems; Target-hit or score detecting systemsF41JIn the scheme654
F41J9/08Airborne targets, e.g. drones, kites, balloonsF41JIn the scheme622
F41J9/14Cinematographic targets, e.g. moving-picture targetsF41JIn the scheme622
F41H11/28Self-propelled mine-clearing vehicles; Mine-clearing devices attachable to vehicles using brushing or sweeping means or dozers to push mines lying on a surface aside; using means for removing mines intact from a surfaceF41H11/00In the scheme604
F41J3/0004Archery targetsF41JIn the scheme599
F41H11/04Aerial barragesF41H11/00In the scheme595
F41J9/18Traps or throwing-apparatus thereforF41JIn the scheme545
F42B39/30Containers for detonators or fuzesF42B39/00In the scheme526
F41J7/06Bobbing targets, i.e. targets intermittently or unexpectedly appearingF41JIn the scheme523
F41H11/18Self-propelled mine-clearing vehicles; Mine-clearing devices attachable to vehicles with ground-impacting means for activating mines by the use of mechanical impulses, e.g. flails or stamping elementsF41H11/00In the scheme504
F41J5/052Targets comprising a plurality of electric contacts, each corresponding to a discrete target section and being actuated by the movement thereofF41JIn the scheme504
F41J13/02Bullet catchers combined with targetsF41JIn the scheme500
F41J9/16Clay-pigeon targets; Clay-disc targetsF41JIn the scheme492
F41J9/30Traps or throwing-apparatus therefor characterised by using a magazine of targetsF41JIn the scheme485
F41J5/056Switch actuation by hit-generated mechanical vibration of the target body, e.g. using shock or vibration transducersF41JIn the scheme477
F41J3/0066Segmentation of conventional target facesF41JIn the scheme461
F41J9/20Traps or throwing-apparatus therefor with spring-operated throwing armF41JIn the scheme434
F42B39/24Shock-absorbing arrangements in packages, e.g. for shock wavesF42B39/00In the scheme427
F41H11/05Net barriers for harbour defenceF41H11/00In the scheme416
F41H11/30Self-propelled mine-clearing vehicles; Mine-clearing devices attachable to vehicles with rollers creating a surface load on the ground, e.g. steadily increasing surface load, for triggering purposesF41H11/00In the scheme400
F42B39/085Cartridge belts for blank cartridgesF42B39/00In the scheme386
F41J11/02Safety means thereforF41JIn the scheme382
F41H11/26Self-propelled mine-clearing vehicles; Mine-clearing devices attachable to vehicles with ground-penetrating elements, e.g. with means for removing buried landmines from the soil the elements being rotary ground-penetrating elementsF41H11/00In the scheme361
F41H11/14Explosive line charges, e.g. snakesF41H11/00In the scheme360
F41H11/32Decoy or sacrificial vehicles; Decoy or sacrificial devices attachable to vehiclesF41H11/00In the scheme344
F41J5/18Targets having hit-indicating means actuated or moved mechanically when the target has been hit, e.g. discs or flagsF41JIn the scheme337
F42B39/28Ammunition racks, e.g. in vehiclesF42B39/00In the scheme336
F41J5/08Infrared hit-indicating systemsF41JIn the scheme315
F41J7/02Movable targets which are stationary when fired at movable for checkingF41JIn the scheme310
F41J5/12Target indicating systems; Target-hit or score detecting systems for indicating the distance by which a bullet misses the targetF41JIn the scheme307
F42B39/002Cartridge containers provided with cartridge-dispensing meansF42B39/00In the scheme301
F41H11/24Self-propelled mine-clearing vehicles; Mine-clearing devices attachable to vehicles with ground-penetrating elements, e.g. with means for removing buried landmines from the soil the elements being ploughsF41H11/00In the scheme298
F42B39/10Machines for charging or for extracting cartridges from feed beltsF42B39/00In the scheme298
F41J9/04Seagoing targetsF41JIn the scheme266
F41J3/0019Stands or wall mountings especially adapted for dartboardsF41JIn the scheme246
F41J3/0028Dart cabinets, i.e. cabinets adapted for the dartboard or dartboard accessoriesF41JIn the scheme241
F41J9/24Traps or throwing-apparatus therefor with spring-operated throwing arm cocked by electromechanical meansF41JIn the scheme223
F41H11/132Biological systems, e.g. with detection by animals or plantsF41H11/00In the scheme220
F41J9/00Moving targets, i.e. moving when fired atF41JIn the scheme216
F41J5/20Targets having hit-indicating means actuated or moved mechanically when the target has been hit, e.g. discs or flags indicating which part of the target has been hit, i.e. the scoreF41JIn the scheme205
F42B39/087Feed belts manufactured from fabric or plastics materialF42B39/00In the scheme196
F42B39/18Heat shields; Thermal insulationF42B39/00In the scheme193
F41H11/13Systems specially adapted for detection of landminesF41H11/00In the scheme192
F41J5/044Targets having two or more electrically-conductive layers for short- circuiting by penetrating projectilesF41JIn the scheme186
F41H11/10Dispensing-apparatus therefor, e.g. devices for dispensing or reeling barbed wireF41H11/00In the scheme179
F41J3/0042Dartboards for use with safety darts having perforations for receiving blunt tip dartsF41JIn the scheme179
F41J1/08Targets; Target stands; Target holders for ordnance, e.g. cannons; for attacking by aircraft; Full-scale models imitating target objects, e.g. tanks, aircraftF41JIn the scheme176
E04H9/08Structures arranged underneath buildings, e.g. air-raid sheltersE04H9/04In the scheme167
F42B39/007Packaging or storage of arrows or dartsF42B39/00In the scheme166
F41J3/0095Manufacture of dartboardsF41JIn the scheme165
F41J5/041Targets comprising two sets of electric contacts forming a coordinate system gridF41JIn the scheme165
F41J9/165Clay-pigeon targets; Clay-disc targets with hit-marking or tracer meansF41JIn the scheme161
F41H11/20Self-propelled mine-clearing vehicles; Mine-clearing devices attachable to vehicles with ground-penetrating elements, e.g. with means for removing buried landmines from the soilF41H11/00In the scheme157
F41J3/0014Dartboard holdersF41JIn the scheme153
F41J3/0076Target faces simulating a different sport or game, e.g. football, billiard or rugbyF41JIn the scheme153
F41J9/32Traps or throwing-apparatus therefor characterised by means for obviating the anticipation of the flight pathF41JIn the scheme150
F41H11/134Chemical systems, e.g. with detection by vapour analysisF41H11/00In the scheme149
F41J5/26Targets producing a particular effect when hit, e.g. detonation of pyrotechnic charge, bell ring, photograph exploding or disintegrating when hitF41JIn the scheme148
F41H11/22Self-propelled mine-clearing vehicles; Mine-clearing devices attachable to vehicles with ground-penetrating elements, e.g. with means for removing buried landmines from the soil the elements being excavation bucketsF41H11/00In the scheme142
F41J5/22Targets having hit-indicating means actuated or moved mechanically when the target has been hit, e.g. discs or flags the indicating means being a dispensing deviceF41JIn the scheme129
F41J5/048Targets having two or more electrically-conductive layers for short- circuiting by penetrating projectiles one of the layers being in the form of discrete target sectionsF41JIn the scheme128
F41J3/0085Target faces characterised by the material made of natural fibresF41JIn the scheme125
F41J3/0071Non-conventional target facesF41JIn the scheme117
F41H11/11Clearing or neutralising barbed wire obstaclesF41H11/00In the scheme107
F41J3/0057Dartboards for use with safety darts having a magnetic surface for receiving magnetic tip dartsF41JIn the scheme104
F41J5/16Manually evaluating scores, e.g. using scoring plugs or gauges; Apparatus for evaluating scores on targets after removal from the target holderF41JIn the scheme101
F42B39/16Fire-extinguishingF42B39/00In the scheme98
F41H11/06GuntrapsF41H11/00In the scheme88
F41J5/205Targets having hit-indicating means actuated or moved mechanically when the target has been hit, e.g. discs or flags indicating which part of the target has been hit, i.e. the score having target sections displaced or broken when hit, e.g. for visual inspectionF41JIn the scheme83
F41J9/28Traps or throwing-apparatus therefor operated by manual actionF41JIn the scheme79
F41J9/22Traps or throwing-apparatus therefor with spring-operated throwing arm cocked by manual actionF41JIn the scheme78
F41J3/0023Holders especially adapted for rotating the dartboard during useF41JIn the scheme75
F41H11/138Mechanical systems, e.g. prodding sticks for manual detectionF41H11/00In the scheme68
F41J3/0061Target facesF41JIn the scheme63
F41J5/042Targets comprising a system of electric contacts lying in the same plane for bridging by hitting projectilesF41JIn the scheme63
F41J9/06Seagoing targets towedF41JIn the scheme61
F42B39/082Cartridge belts for caseless ammunitionF42B39/00In the scheme61
F41J3/0047Dartboards for use with safety darts having protrusions for receiving blunt tip darts in betweenF41JIn the scheme54
F41J3/0052Dartboards for use with safety darts having a hook and loop surface for hook and loop tip dartsF41JIn the scheme48
F41J3/009Target faces characterised by the material made of plastic or foamF41JIn the scheme42
F42B39/005Protection for driving bandsF42B39/00In the scheme40
F41J3/0038Dartboards for use with safety darts having a smooth surface especially for suction tips dartsF41JIn the scheme39
F41J3/008Target faces characterised by the materialF41JIn the scheme38
F41J3/0033Dartboards for use with safety dartsF41JIn the scheme20
F41J9/26Traps or throwing-apparatus therefor operated by fluid meansF41JIn the scheme20
F41H11/168Retired codeF41H11/00Retired, by main group7
F41H11/167Retired codeF41H11/00Retired, by main group1
F41J2/17509Retired codeF41JRetired, by main group1
F41J2002/1728Retired codeF41JRetired, by subclass1
Match: Through its tools
The classification names the equipment or technology the capability draws on, not the capability. The count says how much is being invented for it, not how well it is done. Bases themselves have no entry; these cover protective structures, ranges and munitions storage, and F41H11/00 includes mine clearing. The crosswalk is a first pass that nobody has reviewed.

Other capabilities in Space, Aerospace & Defence Infrastructure