Human Capital

Child Health & Nutrition

The capacity to bring every child to school age alive, well nourished and developmentally on track. One of the capabilities of Early Childhood Development.

International families: 2,7892015 to 2024
Leading country: United States1.7× the next
All families: 7,111home filings included
Over five years: Falling2020 to 2024 against the five before

Year by year

Patent families by country of origin and the year of the earliest filing, 2000 to 2025; 2025 is a part year, still filling in. International families are those for which protection was sought beyond one country.

Volume

International patent families in the capability, by the year of the earliest filing.

Source: Global Institute for National Capability (GINC), 2026. Underlying patents from 107 patent offices, IFI CLAIMS and Google

Share by country

Each country's share of the year's international families, in per cent: the capability's five largest countries of origin, 2015 to 2024, and the rest of the world.

Source: Global Institute for National Capability (GINC), 2026. Underlying patents from 107 patent offices, IFI CLAIMS and Google

Country leaderboard

International patent families, 2015 to 2024, by country of origin. Growth compares the latest five full years with the five before.

Ten largest

United States

Netherlands

Switzerland

China

South Korea

Japan

Germany

United Kingdom

Israel

Australia

640

387

380

283

184

149

113


1	United States	640	22.9%	0.7×	1,204
2	Netherlands	387	13.9%	1.2×	394
3	Switzerland	380	13.6%	0.8×	393
4	China	283	10.1%	2.3×	3,076
5	South Korea	184	6.6%	0.6×	754
6	Japan	149	5.3%	0.5×	236
7	Germany	113	4.1%	0.3×	139
8	United Kingdom	61	2.2%	1.2×	93
9	Israel	57	2.0%	0.6×	66
10	Australia	56	2.0%	0.4×	68
11	Denmark	56	2.0%	0.9×	57
12	Italy	55	2.0%	0.8×	77
13	France	50	1.8%	0.6×	72
14	Türkiye	29	1.0%	1.6×	49
15	New Zealand	27	1.0%	1.3×	37
16	India	26	0.9%	0.4×	29
17	Taiwan	25	0.9%	3.2×	50
18	Ireland	23	0.8%	0.4×	24
19	Canada	18	0.6%	1.0×	29
20	Belgium	18	0.6%	0.5×	22
21	Sweden	17	0.6%	0.7×	18
22	Spain	15	0.5%	0.5×	21
23	Finland	10	0.4%	0.4×	11
24	Austria	10	0.4%	0.7×	11
25	Singapore	10	0.4%	0.7×	13
26	Russia	6	0.2%	0.5×	13
27	Brazil	6	0.2%	0.0×	21
28	Hong Kong	6	0.2%	0.0×	7
29	Luxembourg	5	0.2%	4.0×	5
30	Mexico	5	0.2%	0.7×	9
31	Norway	4	0.1%	0.3×	4
32	Portugal	4	0.1%	3.0×	5
33	Poland	3	0.1%	2.0×	22
34	Malaysia	3	0.1%	0.5×	3
35	Liechtenstein	2	0.1%	–	2
36	Cayman Islands	1	0.0%	–	1
37	Czechia	1	0.0%	0.0×	4
38	Saudi Arabia	0	0.0%	–	1
39	Hungary	0	0.0%	–	1

Applicants

The largest applicants by international patent families, 2015 to 2024: across the world, then within each of the five countries with the most families in Child Health & Nutrition. Names are as held in the source and are not consolidated across subsidiaries.

Global

2,789 international families

NESTLE SA · Switzerland

KONINKLIJKE PHILIPS NV · Netherlands

NUTRICIA NV · Netherlands

NESTEC SA · Switzerland

MEDELA HOLDING AG · Switzerland

FRIESLANDCAMPINA NEDERLAND BV · Netherlands

277

145

140

United States

640 international families

ABBOTT LAB

MJN US HOLDINGS LLC

MEAD JOHNSON NUTRITION CO

CARGILL INC

GE PREC HEALTHCARE LLC

EVOLVE BIOSYSTEMS INC

Netherlands

387 international families

KONINKLIJKE PHILIPS NV

NUTRICIA NV

FRIESLANDCAMPINA NEDERLAND BV

DSM IP ASSETS BV

FRIESLAND BRANDS BV

KONINKLEJKE FILIPS NV

145

137

Switzerland

380 international families

NESTLE SA

NESTEC SA

MEDELA HOLDING AG

SOCIATA DES PRODUITS NESTLA S A

SOCIETE DES PRODUITS NESTLE SA

MEDELA AG

270

China

283 international families

SHENZHEN LUTE JIACHENG SUPPLY CHAIN MAN CO LTD

SHENZHEN LUTEJIACHENG SUPPLY CHAIN MAN CO LTD

SHENZHEN TONGPINHUI TECH CO LTD

SHENZHEN TPH TECH CO LTD

INNER MONGOLIA YILI IND GROUP

UNIV JIANGNAN

South Korea

Japan

China

South Korea

Germany

24,406

13,906

7,434

6,894

5,818

Crosswalk

How Child Health & Nutrition is matched to the patent classifications. The entries below were chosen for it; each stands for itself and everything beneath it in the scheme, 72 Cooperative entries in all. A patent family counts when any of its codes, in either scheme and at any office, falls under one of them. Codes since retired are placed under the entries that replaced them.

Entry	Title in the scheme	Why it is chosen	CPC codes	IPC codes	Documents
A23L33/40	Complete food formulations for specific consumer groups or specific purposes, e.g. infant formula	Complete foods for specific groups, such as infant formula	1	none	39,704
A61J9/00	Feeding-bottles in general	Infant feeding bottles	23	5	23,212
A61J11/00	Teats	Teats for feeding bottles	23	3	18,837
A61J13/00	Breast-nipple shields	Breast-nipple shields	3	1	1,028
A61M1/06	Milking pumps	Breast pumps	10	1	21,055
A61G11/00	Baby-incubators; Couveuses	Baby incubators	10	1	10,295
A61K39/0015	Combination vaccines based on measles-mumps-rubella	Measles-mumps-rubella combination vaccines	1	none	399
A61K39/0016	Combination vaccines based on diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis	Diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis combination vaccines	3	none	2,847

CPC and IPC codes are the codes in use on patent documents, at any office, that fall under the entry. Documents is the larger of the two schemes' counts of documents carrying one of them. An entry with no IPC codes can be told apart only in the Cooperative scheme.

The Cooperative codes in use that count towards Child Health & Nutrition: 74 codes on 114,244 documents. The full crosswalk is in the cpc-to-capability.csv download.

Code	Title	Under entry	How placed	Documents
A23L33/40	Complete food formulations for specific consumer groups or specific purposes, e.g. infant formula	A23L33/40	In the scheme	39,704
A61J9/00	Feeding-bottles in general	A61J9/00	In the scheme	5,885
A61M1/06	Milking pumps	A61M1/06	In the scheme	5,819
A61G11/00	Baby-incubators; Couveuses	A61G11/00	In the scheme	4,617
A61M1/062	Pump accessories	A61M1/06	In the scheme	3,676
A61J11/04	Teats with means for fastening to bottles	A61J11/00	In the scheme	3,038
A61M1/064	Suction cups	A61M1/06	In the scheme	2,986
A61J9/04	Feeding-bottles in general with means for supplying air	A61J9/00	In the scheme	2,356
A61M1/0697	Means for improving milking yield having means for massaging the breast	A61M1/06	In the scheme	2,235
A61J11/02	Teats with means for supplying air	A61J11/00	In the scheme	2,168
A61M1/066	Inserts therefor	A61M1/06	In the scheme	1,875
A61J11/045	Teats with means for fastening to bottles with interlocking means, e.g. protrusions or indentations on the teat	A61J11/00	In the scheme	1,822
A61M1/067	Pump accessories with means for hands-free operation	A61M1/06	In the scheme	1,763
A61J11/008	Protecting caps	A61J11/00	In the scheme	1,732
A61K39/0018	Combination vaccines based on acellular diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis	A61K39/0016	In the scheme	1,564
A61G11/009	Baby-incubators; Couveuses with hand insertion windows, e.g. in the walls	A61G11/00	In the scheme	1,536
A61M1/06935	Means for improving milking yield with programmable or pre-programmed sucking patterns imitating the suckling of an infant	A61M1/06	In the scheme	1,509
A61J11/00	Teats	A61J11/00	In the scheme	1,505
A61J9/005	Non-rigid or collapsible feeding-bottles	A61J9/00	In the scheme	1,224
A61J11/002	Teats having means for regulating the flow rate by using valves	A61J11/00	In the scheme	1,191
A61J9/001	Feeding-bottles in general with inner liners	A61J9/00	In the scheme	1,184
A61J13/00	Breast-nipple shields	A61J13/00	In the scheme	1,026
A61J9/0638	Holders for bottles having a particular supporting function for supporting in a feeding position	A61J9/00	In the scheme	1,022
A61J9/02	Feeding-bottles in general with thermometers	A61J9/00	In the scheme	992
A61J9/008	Feeding-bottles in general having storage compartments, e.g. for storing a teat	A61J9/00	In the scheme	991
A61G11/006	Baby-incubators; Couveuses with movable walls, e.g. for accessing the inside, removable walls by pivoting	A61G11/00	In the scheme	922
A61J11/0035	Teats having particular shape or structure	A61J11/00	In the scheme	894
A61G11/002	Baby-incubators; Couveuses with height-adjustable elements height-adjustable patient support	A61G11/00	In the scheme	890
A61G11/005	Baby-incubators; Couveuses with movable walls, e.g. for accessing the inside, removable walls	A61G11/00	In the scheme	885
A61J11/0015	Teats having means for regulating the flow rate by size or shape of the opening	A61J11/00	In the scheme	853
A61J9/006	Feeding-bottles in general having elongated tubes, e.g. for drinking from bottle in upright position	A61J9/00	In the scheme	826
A61J9/06	Holders for bottles	A61J9/00	In the scheme	802
A61J9/08	Protective covers for bottles	A61J9/00	In the scheme	792
A61K39/0016	Combination vaccines based on diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis	A61K39/0016	In the scheme	750
A61J9/085	Lids for closing the bottle	A61J9/00	In the scheme	730
A61J11/0065	Teats having particular shape or structure for improving rigidity, e.g. anti-bite-through or anti-collapsing	A61J11/00	In the scheme	717
A61J11/001	Teats having means for regulating the flow rate	A61J11/00	In the scheme	693
A61M1/0693	Means for improving milking yield with programmable or pre-programmed sucking patterns	A61M1/06	In the scheme	691
A61G11/008	Baby-incubators; Couveuses tiltable about a horizontal axis, e.g. oscillating	A61G11/00	In the scheme	668
A61J9/0661	Holders for bottles characterised by the type of support attachable to other devices or furniture, e.g. crib, commode or stroller	A61J9/00	In the scheme	622
A61J11/006	Teats having particular shape or structure for improving flexibility	A61J11/00	In the scheme	614
A61J11/005	Aesthetic properties for imitating a nipple	A61J11/00	In the scheme	610
A61J11/0005	Teats having additional ports, e.g. for connecting syringes or straws	A61J11/00	In the scheme	567
A61K39/0017	Combination vaccines based on whole cell diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis	A61K39/0016	In the scheme	533
A61J9/0684	Holders for bottles characterised by the type of support having a self-supporting base	A61J9/00	In the scheme	512
A61J11/0085	Protecting caps with means for preventing leakage	A61J11/00	In the scheme	501
A61J9/0623	Holders for bottles facilitating gripping	A61J9/00	In the scheme	440
A61G11/003	Baby-incubators; Couveuses with height-adjustable elements height-adjustable heater	A61G11/00	In the scheme	412
A61K39/0015	Combination vaccines based on measles-mumps-rubella	A61K39/0015	In the scheme	399
A61J11/007	Teats having orthodontic properties, e.g. for promoting correct teeth development	A61J11/00	In the scheme	390
A61J11/0075	Accessories therefor	A61J11/00	In the scheme	362
A61J11/004	Teats having particular shape or structure angled, e.g. in respect to the bottle	A61J11/00	In the scheme	329
A61M1/069	Means for improving milking yield	A61M1/06	In the scheme	328
A61J11/0095	Seal rupturing means	A61J11/00	In the scheme	322
A61J9/0669	Holders for bottles characterised by the type of support supported by the infant	A61J9/00	In the scheme	263
A61J9/0607	Holders for bottles having aesthetic features, e.g. toy-like or imitating a female breast	A61J9/00	In the scheme	251
A61J9/003	Vacuum feeding-bottles	A61J9/00	In the scheme	241
A61J9/0692	Holders for bottles characterised by the type of support comprising a flexible arm	A61J9/00	In the scheme	236
A61J9/0676	Holders for bottles characterised by the type of support supported by the caregiver	A61J9/00	In the scheme	207
A61J9/0646	Holders for bottles having a particular supporting function for supporting only in a non-feeding position	A61J9/00	In the scheme	201
A61M1/068	Pump accessories having means for simultaneous feeding, e.g. with rubber nipple for feeding	A61M1/06	In the scheme	173
A61G11/007	Baby-incubators; Couveuses with movable walls, e.g. for accessing the inside, removable walls by translating	A61G11/00	In the scheme	164
A61J11/0025	Teats having filters	A61J11/00	In the scheme	163
A61J11/0055	Aesthetic properties for soothing, e.g. toy-like	A61J11/00	In the scheme	163
A61J9/0615	Holders for bottles providing isolation	A61J9/00	In the scheme	156
A61G11/001	Baby-incubators; Couveuses with height-adjustable elements	A61G11/00	In the scheme	124
A61J11/009	Puncturing tools, e.g. for creating an opening in the teat	A61J11/00	In the scheme	106
A61J9/063	Holders for bottles having a particular supporting function	A61J9/00	In the scheme	97
A61G11/004	Baby-incubators; Couveuses with height-adjustable elements height-adjustable light source	A61G11/00	In the scheme	77
A61J11/0045	Aesthetic properties	A61J11/00	In the scheme	58
A61J9/0653	Holders for bottles characterised by the type of support	A61J9/00	In the scheme	49
A61J11/003	Teats having means for incorporating a mother's scent	A61J11/00	In the scheme	39
A61J13/10	Retired code	A61J13/00	Retired, by main group	1
A61J13/20	Retired code	A61J13/00	Retired, by main group	1

Match: Through its tools

The classification names the equipment or technology the capability draws on, not the capability. The count says how much is being invented for it, not how well it is done. Captures infant feeding, neonatal care and the classic childhood combination vaccines; infant formula and the two vaccine entries exist in CPC only, and general paediatric medicine cannot be told apart from adult medicine. The crosswalk is a first pass that nobody has reviewed.

Other capabilities in Early Childhood Development

Early Learning & School Readiness